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Description
Kim et al., 2011

Alpha-Lipoic Acid for Treatment of Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Chronic Complications Diabetes is a chronic disorder that develops when the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin (type 1) or when the body is unable to use the insulin it produces (type 2)

The injectable route makes more sense for wound healing and skin remodeling protocols where systemic distribution is the goal

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 4(3):159-165. [doi.org]

This number is even high in those who have Hashimotos because of how thyroid function impacts insulin levels (19)